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Religion
Religion
In 2005 79% of Lithuanians belonged to the Roman Catholic Church.
The Church has been the majority denomination since the Christianisation of Lithuania in the end of fourteenth century and beginning of fifteenth century.
Some priests actively led the resistance against the Communist regime (symbolised by the Hill of Crosses).
Church attendance has increased since the end of the Soviet Union and the country has a high level of religious practice.[citation needed] .
In the 16th century, Protestantism started to spread from Western Europe.
A united reformed church organization in Lithuania's church province can be counted from the year 1557 at the Synod in Vilnius on December 14th of that year.
From that year the Synod met regularly forming all the church provinces of The Grand Duchy of Lithuania, at first from two and later growing to six districts and representative district synods.
The abbreviated name for the church is in Latin, Unitas Lithuaniae or in Polish, Jednota Litewska (Lithuanian church provincial union).
It sent its representatives to the General Polish/Lithuanian Synods; however in its administration it was in fact a self-governing Church.
The first Superintendent was Simonas Zacijus (Szymon Zacjusz, approx 1507-1591).
In 1565 the anti- Trinitarian Lithuanian Brotherhood who rejected the learning of the Trinity separated from UL.
The UL parish network covered nearly all of The Grand Duchy.
Its district centers were Vilnius, Kedainai, Biržai, Slucke, Kojdanove and Zabludove later Izabeline.
In the first half of 20th century Lutheran Protestant church had around 200,000 members, 9% of total population, although Lutheranism has declined since 1945.
Small Protestant communities are dispersed throughout the northern and western parts of the country.
Believers and clergy suffered greatly during the Soviet occupation, with many killed, tortured or deported to Siberia.
Various Protestant churches have established missions in Lithuania since 1990.
4.9% are Eastern Orthodox (mainly among the Russian minority), 1.9% are Protestant and 9.5% have no religion.
The country also has minority communities of Judaism, Islam, and Karaism which make up another 1.6% of the population.
Lithuania was historically home to a large and influential Jewish community that was almost entirely eliminated during the Holocaust.
The first noticeable presence of Islam in Lithuania began in the 14th century.
From this time it was primarily associated with the Lipka Tatars (also known as Lithuanian Tatars), many of whom settled in Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth while continuing their traditions and religious beliefs.
According to the most recent Eurobarometer Poll 2005, 12% that "they do not believe there is any sort of spirit, god, or life force" , 36% answered that "they believe there is some sort of spirit or life force" and 49% of Lithuanian citizens responded that "they believe there is a God".
Source: CIA Factbook, Wikipedia
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